Analysis of 24-hour Death Risk Factors in Circulatory Failure Patients Treated with Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the factors affecting short-term prognosis of circulatory failure patients undergoing venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) treatment. Methods: A total of 136 patients undergoing VA-ECMO were enrolled in this study and subsequently divided into the death group (n=35) and the survival group (n=101) based on whether death occurred during hospitalisation. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) running time, length of intensive care unit stay, length of hospital stay, costs, and ECMO complications were then compared between the two groups. Results: The average age of all patients undergoing ECMO was 47.64±16.78 years (53.2±16.20 years in the death group and 45.713±16.62 years in the survival group) (P=0.022). Patients in the survival group exhibited a clear downward trend in lactic acid value following ECMO treatment compared to those in the death group. Total hospitalisation stay was longer in the survival group (35 days) than in the death group (15.5 days) (P<0.001). In the analysis of ECMO complications, the incidence of neurological complications, renal failure, limb complications, and infection were higher in the death group than in the survival group (P<0.05 for all). Specifically, as a risk factor for patient survival and discharge, the occurrence of infection will lead to increased hospitalisation stays and costs (P<0.05 for both). Conclusion: Complications such as kidney failure and infection are associated with in-hospital death, and ECMO-related complications should be actively prevented to improve the survival rate of VA-ECMO treatment.

Active components and mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in treatment of primary dysmenorrhea based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to investigate the active components and mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea(PD) based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology. Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP) was used to search the chemical compositions and targets of six herbs in Taohong Siwu Decoction. The targets for PD treatment were selected through the databases of DrugBank, OMIM, TTD and CTD, and gene annotation of the targets was conducted with UniProt database. Cytoscape 3.7.2 was then used to construct the drug-compound-target network. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed based on STRING, and the core targets of Taohong Siwu Decoction in the treatment of PD were selected according to the topological parameters. David database was used for GO enrichment analysis and KOBAS 3.0 was used for KEGG enrichment analysis. The molecular docking technology was used to connect the components with higher medium values in the network with core targets. The results showed that the network contained 36 compounds such as quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, myricanone and ferulic acid, and 99 targets such as PTGS2, PTGS2, PGR and PPARG. Totally 102 GO terms were obtained by GO functional enrichment analysis(P<0.01), and 228 signal pathways were obtained by KEGG pathway enrichment(P<0.05), mainly involving inflammatory factors, hormone regulation, central analgesia, amino acid metabolism and spasmolysis. The results of molecular docking showed that the main active components can spontaneously bind to the targets. This study preliminarily revealed the mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction for treatment of primary dysmenorrheal through multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways, providing theoretical references for further researches on mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction.

Research progress on targeting effect and regulating mechanisms of the stemness of cancer stem cells / 药学学报

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have become an important target to overcome the obstacle of tumor therapy. In recent years, many reports have shown that the heterogenicity and plasticity of CSCs, and the microenvironment interact with each other, which become important factors affecting the dynamic conversion of CSCs. Therefore, we should not only focus on the stem characteristics of CSCs, but also consider the factors related to the regulation of the dynamic transformation of CSCs stemness. The signaling pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the niche of CSCs, are proved to play an important role in the regulation of stemness of CSCs. The aspects are important in the studies of tumor therapy by targeting CSCs. This article summarizes the mechanisms for regulation of the stemness of cancer stem cells and the progress in the studies of targeting cancer stem cells with a focus on the CSCs dynamic regulation.

Clinical research of modified taohe chengqi granule combined mannitol for treating complicated edema in affected limbs of patients after tibiofibulas double fracture operation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic efficacy of Modified Taohe Chengqi Granule (MTCG) combined mannitol for treating complicated edema in affected limbs of patients after tibiofibulas double fracture operation (TDFO).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 64 TDFO patients complicated edema were randomly assigned to the treated group and the control group, 32 in each group. Those in the treated group took MTCG combined intravenous dripping of mannitol, while those in the control group received intravenous dripping of mannitol alone. The treatment course was 1 week. The clinical efficacy, the onset time, the swelling degree, and the pain index were observed and compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One week after operation, the effective rate was 98.0% and the markedly effective rate was 87.5% in the treated group, while they were 78.0% and 56.9% respectively in the control group. Better results were obtained in the treated group, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). As for the onset time for swelling subsiding, it was (2.4 +/- 1.3) days in the treated group and (3.8 +/- 2.9) days in the control group. There was statistical difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Better effects on the swelling subsiding degree and the pain index were obtained in the treated group, showing statistical difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MTCG combined mannitol could obviously abate the edema in affected limbs of patients after TDFO. It was a better treatment method for managing edema in the peri-operative period of orthopedics.</p>

Effect of Jingang Jiangu pill (see text) on expression of integrin beta1 and alphavbeta3 in ovariectomized osteoporosis model rats / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the regulatory effect of Jingang Jiangu pill (see text, JGJG) on expression of integrin in ovariectomized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty ovariectomized 10 months old female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: Fushanmei group (FSM), Jingang Jiangu pill (see text) group (JGJG), Gusongbao granule group (GSB), Model group (OVX), Sham group. After ovariectomized,the rats were raised in the same environment for 13 weeks. The rats in JGJG group took 0.13 g JGJG pill orally each day for each rat; the rats in GSB group took 0.86 g GSB granule orally each day for each rat; the rats in FSM group took 0.28 mg FSM orally each day for each rat; and the rats in OVX and sham groups took sodium. The treatment duration of rats in above 5 groups was 13 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and the expression of integrin beta1 and alphavbeta3 were detected in each group after the treatment. RESYKTS: The BMD and the expression of integrin beta1 in FSM group, JGJG group and GSB group improved obviously than that of OVX group. There were statistical difference between these groups (P<0.05). The expression of integrin alphavbeta3 of the three treating groups significantly depressed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The JGJG pill improves BMD and express of integrin beta1, in ovariectomized rats and reduces express of integrin alphavbeta3 through the regulation of the coupling of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.</p>

Retrospective analysis on total hip arthroplasty for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip in 29 adults / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the results of the total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) with severe osteoarthritis in adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2004 to February 2011, 29 patients (32 hips) with DDH were treated by THA with an cementless cup. There were 11 males and 18 females,with an average age of 52.6 years (ranging from 37 to 73 years). Unilateral DDH occurred in 26 patients and bilateral DDH occurred in 3 patients. Based on the Crowe classification, there were 18 hips in 17 patients of type I ,7 hips in 6 patients of type II, 4 hips in 3 patients of type III, 3 hips in 3 patients of type IV. Except for 3 patients with bilateral DDH, the other patients' ill lower limbs were 1 to 6 cm shorter than the healthy lower ones.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 8 months to 5.3 years(averaged 3.7 years) without infection, dislocation, and sciatic nerves injury after the operation. One patient with proximal femoral fracture, intraoperation used wire binding, after 4 years of follow-up, fracture healed without evidence of prosthesis loosening. All grafts and subtrochanteric osteotomy healing were achieved. In 21 patients, the pain was completely relieved and the function of the hip joints was good. Five patients still had mild limping, but reduced significantly than preoperation. In 3 patients, the ill lower limbs were more than 1 cm shorter than the healthy lower ones and the other patients' ill lower limbs were less than 1 cm shorter than the healthy lower ones. Two patients' lower limbs were lengthened 4 to 5 cm. The Harris scores were 43.6 +/- 7.1 preoperatively and 86.7 +/- 5.3 postoperatively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>THA with deepening the medial wall of the acetabulum at the true acetabulum, according to different characteristics of Crowe classification, using different operation program, cementless cup in adult could obtain favorable results.</p>

Progress of anti-tumor study based on BRAF / 药学学报

BRAF is one of the most important pro-oncogenes, which is mutated in approximately 8% of human tumors. The most common BRAF mutation is a valine-to-glutamate transition (V600E) that is expressed primarily in melanoma, colorectal cancer and thyroid carcinoma. MEK/ERK is constitutively activated in the cells expressing BRAFV600E, leading to tumor development, invasion, and metastasis. Therefore, BRAFV600E is a therapeutic target for melanoma and some other BRAFV600E tumors. Vemurafenib, a BRAFV600E inhibitor, which was approved by FDA for the treatment of late-stage melanoma in 2011, produces improved rates of overall and progression-free survival in patients with the BRAFV600E mutation, making a dramatic breakthrough in melanoma treatment. Vemurafenib is also an individual target drug based on genetic diagnosis. However, its therapeutic success is limited by the emergence of drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanisms underlying the resistance for developing new inhibitor drugs and for preventing or delaying the resistance evolution to BRAF inhibitor drugs. In this review, we described the role of BRAFV600E as an anti-tumor drug target and the development of BRAF inhibitors. We also discussed the mechanisms leading to resistance of BRAFV600E inhibitors. Furthermore, therapeutic strategies that might be employed to overcome acquired resistance were proposed.

White blood cells contribute to patient-specific warfarin dose for Han Chinese / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Warfarin is the most commonly prescribed anticoagulant worldwide. Factors which influence warfarin's inter-individual requirements including age, weight, and genetic factors explained about 50% of dose variance, and unidentified factors still remain. The aim of this study was to explore whether white blood cell count affects warfarin dose requirements.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and twenty-two patients suffering from venous thromboembolism (VTE) and taking warfarin were recruited in this study. Genotyping of selected genes was conducted and other information was collected using the Epidata software. Dosing algorithms were constructed by multivariate linear regression analyses.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In addition to well-known factors such as age, body weight, CYP2C9*3, and VKORC1 c.1173C > T, white blood cell counts negatively related to warfarin dose requirements and contributed to warfarin variability in Han Chinese by about 0.6%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>White blood cell count has a small but significant contribution to warfarin dose requirements in Han Chinese.</p>

Application of a method of improving the quality of sampling in review to determine the light areas of endemic fluorosis in quality control / 中国地方病学杂志

ObjectiveTo study an application of a method of improving the quality of sampling in review to determine the light areas of endemic fluorosis(referred to as endemic fluorosis) in quality control. Methods Of 15 light endemic fluorosis township(town), six were randomly sampled, and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 22 village primary school children aged 8 to 12 were reviewed to determine the improved quality of sampling in Xuyong county Sichuan province. ResultsSix townships(towns) were selected by simple random sampling from 15 endemic fluorosis townships(towns) for review inspection in Xuyong country. A total of 22 villages were verified, accounting for 22.7％ of the total 97 villages verified. Of the 416 children for review inspection of dental fluorosis, 383 children were positive. The consistent rate of children' s dental fluorosis was 92.07％, and the verification to be slight villages was up to 21 endemic villages, accounting for 95.45％. ConclusionsThe application of a method of improving the quality of sampling can improve the efficiency of quality control, and improve the accuracy. It is a novel quality control method.

Influencing factors on behavior related to HIV testing among female commercial sex workers based on the Structural Equation Model / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the influencing factors on behavior related to HIV testing among female commercial sex workers under Structural Equation Model (SEM).Methods In Chongqing,Sichuan,Guangxi,Xinjiang provinces,1613 female commercial sex workers were participated in a questionnaire survey.Factors on behaviors related to HIV testing among female commercial sex workers were analyzed based on SEM.Results Influencing factors on behaviors related to HIV testing among female commercial sex workers would include social status,knowledge on AIDS,risk through self-evaluation,condom use,frequency of sexual services etc.GFI,AGFI,RMR were 0.9952,0.9898 and 0.0115 respectively.Conclusion Social status,knowledge on AIDS,risk through self-evaluation,condom use and frequency of sexual services were affecting the behaviors related to HIV testing among female commercial sex workers.

Effects of phytoestrogens on testosterone production of rat Leydig cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of phytoestrogens (daidzein and genistein) on the testosterone production of rat Leydig cells and the possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary Leydig cells were obtained from 3-month old male SD rats using discontinuous Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The effects of phytoestrogens at various concentrations were evaluated by ELISA, with hCG as the positive control. The mRNA expression of P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) was analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Genistein at 0.1 micromol/L obviously promoted the secretion of testosterone and upregulated the mRNA level of P450scc. At a higher concentration of 5 micromol/L, however, both daidzein and genistein significantly inhibited the testosterone production of Leydig cells (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Genistein can promote the testosterone production of Leydig cells at a low concentration (0.1 micromol/L), but both daidzein and genistein can inhibit it at a higher concentration ( >5 micromol/L).</p>

Study on the possible effects of psychosocial factors on the development of coronary artery disease / 中国心理卫生杂志

Compared with 165 subjects without coronary artery disease(CAD),125 CAD pa-tients diagnosed bycoronary arteriography were investigated on the possibld relationship among psy-choosocial factors,including occupation,negative life events,type A behavior,and indexes of bloodlipid and blood rheology.The results showed that occupation type was one of the significantly correatesto the indexes of blood-lipid metabalism and blood rheology.The changes of neuroendocrinology andblood rheology following the occurrence of negative life events were correlated with the onset of lethalCAD.The physical and chemical indexes of hematology observed in subjects with Type A behaviorwere associated with atherogenesis and the pathogenesis of CAD.